“At the top”, says Burj Khalifa, Dubai’s 828 meter tall tower, which is the world’s tallest man built building. Visitors get access to the entrance through one of the city’s most pompous shopping malls, the Mall of Dubai. After paying 85 Dirhams (roughly 25 Swiss francs), spectators are brought to the 134th floor in only 60 seconds. The construction of this giant, which opened its doors on January 4, 2010, involved highly sophisticated and precise engineering. With the help of an airplane turbine heavy rain was splashed against the tower to check its resistance of water.
The open terrace provides tourists with an amazing view over the city’s various skyscrapers; to enjoy this requires some resistance against strong winds, however. In front of the tower resides a small lake, which offers a fountain show every half hour. Before the shows start, the Burj Khalifa starts blinking and sparkling. Eventually the lights turn off and the tower resembles an artificial Christmas tree in its full glory. Each show is slightly different, featuring Arabic songs that accompany the play.
Yet, from a 400 meters high viewpoint Dubai’s true faces becomes more visible than in its air-conditioned shopping malls. Surrounded by desert, the emirate boasts a population of about 2.3m, similar to Abu Dhabi, Dubai’s neighbor. Both are part of the United Arab Emirates, which consists of total seven emirates and has 6.9m inhabitants. According to government officials, the emirates compete with each other to be the leader in various fields. Burj Khalifa, for instance, is upgradable in height in case another Sheik decides to build an even taller monument.
Apart from large buildings Dubai has four artificial island projects, some of them yet to be built. The Palm Jumeirah, the first project, is located off shore the Burj Al Arab, the first seven-star luxury resort on this planet. It is the second tallest hotel in the world and boasts 200 rooms. Due to the financial crisis more recent construction projects are on hold or have been abandoned completely. A rotating tower, where different parts would rotate at different speeds and in different directions, will probably not be built within the coming years.
In Dubai only 17% of the population are Emirati. It is therefore an expat city where Indian immigrants make up nearly half of the people living and working in the desert city. Dubai is ruled by a monarch who in turn obeys decisions made by Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, the monarch of the United Arab Emirates and Abu Dhabi. The countries are strictly muslim, meaning that outside Western hotels and settlements women are ought to dress appropriately (no short skirt, no spaghetti t-shirt and a visible bra, because men otherwise might start to imagine things). A western man better does not actively seek the conversation with local women and waits until the woman makes the first step (for example when shaking hands). Also immigration is stricter than in other countries and the tourist is asked where he is coming from and where he is going to stay. Interestingly, female tourists are being held up much longer at the immigration counter and one friend was even asked whether she had a boyfriend. Maybe muslim men do not behave that strictly after all.
Dubai and Abu Dhabi try to become greener. Water is certainly the biggest issue, since most drinking water is currently retrieved from desalination plants. Abu Dhabi has a lot of natural water reserves underground; they are not sustainable, however. Therefore, the Abu Dhabi Environmental Agency is looking to reduce the water footprint, which currently stands at 550 liter per person. In the Western world, in comparison, this figure stands closer to around 100 liter. One reason is that Abu Dhabi irrigates a large area of artificially sustained forest, as demanded by the king. For irrigation mostly groundwater is used, which is going to run out in the coming 25 years. New laws, such as the requirement that not more of 30% of the surface of new buildings is made of glass, are certainly a step in the right direction.
Also the existence of NGOs, such as the Arab CSR Network, can support the government to make the Emirates more sustainable. The Arab CSR Network, which is based in Dubai, was founded in 1996 by a few Arabs, mostly women. Their goal is to educate children about sustainability issues and to train the teachers at schools. Their network currently boasts more than 50 partners and they collect tons of waste every year. The launching phase was difficult, especially because sponsor money is scarce and the government does not ad hoc support such initiatives. Yet, once a clear benefit can be presented, the monarchy is quick in reacting and adapting its policies. It is impressive to see women in burkas presenting highly relevant ideas about sustainability. A western person might think that such ideas are only generated in very westernized environments, which is not entirely true. Still, the United Arab Emirates do import knowledge from the West by bringing in experts into the government. At the environmental agency, for instance, three out of six presenters were foreign.
Dubai, and many other emirates, rely on healthy ties with Western countries. Emirates, the airliner, recently announced another purchase of Airbus planes, putting the total bill at over $10bn. The company wants to become the major airline in the future. According to a recent report by The Economist, figures look like Emirates will achieve its goal. The airport, which recently received a large extension with the terminal 3, will be completely rebuilt to be able to handle even higher capacities. Similar actions are taken in Qatar, where a new airport is due to open soon. For foreigners traveling to the Middle East or to Asia, such projects are highly welcomed, since flight prices are immensely reduced and quality is boosted. Although flights leave in the middle of the night, our continuing trip to Shanghai nicely started off with a steaming herbal towel…